Unit 1: Wave Fundamentals

Build a strong understanding of what waves are, how they transfer energy, and the properties used to describe and analyze them.

  • What Are Waves?
  • Wave Properties
  • Wave Speed
  • Representing Waves
  • Wave Energy

Unit 2: Mechanical Waves

Explore waves that require a material medium, including sound, water, and seismic waves, and discover their importance in science and technology.

  • Transverse Waves
  • Longitudinal Waves
  • Water Waves
  • Seismic Waves
  • Applications of Mechanical Waves

Unit 3: Light Waves

Investigate light as an electromagnetic wave and learn how reflection, refraction, mirrors, and lenses are used to form images and power optical technologies.

  • Nature of Light
  • Reflection and Mirrors
  • Refraction and Lenses
  • Focal Length, Images, and Magnification
  • Color and Optical Instruments

Unit 4: Wave Behavior

Examine how waves interact with boundaries, obstacles, and one another through reflection, refraction, diffraction, interference, and superposition.

  • Superposition
  • Reflection and Refraction of Waves
  • Diffraction
  • Interference
  • Applications of Wave Behavior

Unit 5: Doppler Effect

Understand how relative motion affects the observed frequency of waves and explore practical applications ranging from radar to astronomy.

Last modified: Tuesday, 30 June 2026, 3:02 PM