Introduction to Thermodynamics

The real or imaginary surface separating a system from its surroundings.

A system that exchanges energy but not matter with its surroundings.

The movement of energy into or out of a system.

Energy transferred between objects because of a temperature difference.

The total microscopic energy stored within a substance, including the kinetic and potential energy of its particles.

A system that exchanges neither energy nor matter with its surroundings.

Anything that has mass and occupies space.

A system that exchanges both energy and matter with its surroundings.

Everything outside the thermodynamic system.

The part of the universe chosen for study.